Previous exercise "Android example to communicate with Bluetooth device, HC-06 Bluetooth Module" show how to send string. Here we implement our command format, such that we can use SeekBar on Android to control brightness of the Arduino Due on-board LED (pin 13), via Bluetooth to HC-06 Bluetooth Module.
Android Side:
com.example.androidbtcontrol.MainActivity.java
/*
Android Example to connect to and communicate with Bluetooth
In this exercise, the target is a Arduino Due + HC-06 (Bluetooth Module)
*/
package com.example.androidbtcontrol;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.SeekBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;
BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> pairedDeviceArrayList;
TextView textInfo, textStatus;
ListView listViewPairedDevice;
LinearLayout inputPane;
SeekBar barAnalogOut;
ArrayAdapter<BluetoothDevice> pairedDeviceAdapter;
private UUID myUUID;
private final String UUID_STRING_WELL_KNOWN_SPP =
"00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";
ThreadConnectBTdevice myThreadConnectBTdevice;
ThreadConnected myThreadConnected;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
textInfo = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.info);
textStatus = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.status);
listViewPairedDevice = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.pairedlist);
inputPane = (LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.inputpane);
if (!getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH)){
Toast.makeText(this,
"FEATURE_BLUETOOTH NOT support",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
finish();
return;
}
//using the well-known SPP UUID
myUUID = UUID.fromString(UUID_STRING_WELL_KNOWN_SPP);
bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {
Toast.makeText(this,
"Bluetooth is not supported on this hardware platform",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
finish();
return;
}
String stInfo = bluetoothAdapter.getName() + "\n" +
bluetoothAdapter.getAddress();
textInfo.setText(stInfo);
barAnalogOut = (SeekBar)findViewById(R.id.analogOut);
barAnalogOut.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(OnAnalogOutChangeListener);
}
SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener OnAnalogOutChangeListener =
new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener(){
@Override
public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {
//will generate too much data sent!
//SendAnalogOut(progress);
}
@Override
public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
}
@Override
public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
SendAnalogOut(seekBar.getProgress());
}
};
private final byte SYNC_BYTE = (byte) 0xAA;
private final byte LENGTH_ANALOG = (byte) 3;
private final byte CMD_ANALOG = (byte) 1;
private void SendAnalogOut(int val){
byte[] bytesToSend = {SYNC_BYTE, LENGTH_ANALOG, CMD_ANALOG, (byte) val};
myThreadConnected.write(bytesToSend);
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
//Turn ON BlueTooth if it is OFF
if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
}
setup();
}
private void setup() {
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
pairedDeviceArrayList = new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
pairedDeviceArrayList.add(device);
}
pairedDeviceAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<BluetoothDevice>(this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, pairedDeviceArrayList);
listViewPairedDevice.setAdapter(pairedDeviceAdapter);
listViewPairedDevice.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
int position, long id) {
BluetoothDevice device =
(BluetoothDevice) parent.getItemAtPosition(position);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
"Name: " + device.getName() + "\n"
+ "Address: " + device.getAddress() + "\n"
+ "BondState: " + device.getBondState() + "\n"
+ "BluetoothClass: " + device.getBluetoothClass() + "\n"
+ "Class: " + device.getClass(),
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
textStatus.setText("start ThreadConnectBTdevice");
myThreadConnectBTdevice = new ThreadConnectBTdevice(device);
myThreadConnectBTdevice.start();
}
});
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if(myThreadConnectBTdevice!=null){
myThreadConnectBTdevice.cancel();
}
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if(requestCode==REQUEST_ENABLE_BT){
if(resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK){
setup();
}else{
Toast.makeText(this,
"BlueTooth NOT enabled",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
}
}
//Called in ThreadConnectBTdevice once connect successed
//to start ThreadConnected
private void startThreadConnected(BluetoothSocket socket){
myThreadConnected = new ThreadConnected(socket);
myThreadConnected.start();
}
/*
ThreadConnectBTdevice:
Background Thread to handle BlueTooth connecting
*/
private class ThreadConnectBTdevice extends Thread {
private BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket = null;
private final BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice;
private ThreadConnectBTdevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
bluetoothDevice = device;
try {
bluetoothSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(myUUID);
textStatus.setText("bluetoothSocket: \n" + bluetoothSocket);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
boolean success = false;
try {
bluetoothSocket.connect();
success = true;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
final String eMessage = e.getMessage();
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
textStatus.setText("something wrong bluetoothSocket.connect(): \n" + eMessage);
}
});
try {
bluetoothSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(success){
//connect successful
final String msgconnected = "connect successful:\n"
+ "BluetoothSocket: " + bluetoothSocket + "\n"
+ "BluetoothDevice: " + bluetoothDevice;
runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
textStatus.setText(msgconnected);
listViewPairedDevice.setVisibility(View.GONE);
inputPane.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}});
startThreadConnected(bluetoothSocket);
}else{
//fail
}
}
public void cancel() {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
"close bluetoothSocket",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
try {
bluetoothSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/*
ThreadConnected:
Background Thread to handle Bluetooth data communication
after connected
*/
private class ThreadConnected extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket connectedBluetoothSocket;
private final InputStream connectedInputStream;
private final OutputStream connectedOutputStream;
public ThreadConnected(BluetoothSocket socket) {
connectedBluetoothSocket = socket;
InputStream in = null;
OutputStream out = null;
try {
in = socket.getInputStream();
out = socket.getOutputStream();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
connectedInputStream = in;
connectedOutputStream = out;
}
@Override
public void run() {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int bytes;
while (true) {
try {
bytes = connectedInputStream.read(buffer);
String strReceived = new String(buffer, 0, bytes);
final String msgReceived = String.valueOf(bytes) +
" bytes received:\n"
+ strReceived;
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
textStatus.setText(msgReceived);
}});
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
final String msgConnectionLost = "Connection lost:\n"
+ e.getMessage();
runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
textStatus.setText(msgConnectionLost);
}});
}
}
}
public void write(byte[] buffer) {
try {
connectedOutputStream.write(buffer);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void cancel() {
try {
connectedBluetoothSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
layout/activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:autoLink="web"
android:text="http://android-er.blogspot.com/"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/info"
android:textStyle="bold|italic"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/status"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<ListView
android:id="@+id/pairedlist"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/inputpane"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:visibility="gone">
<SeekBar
android:id="@+id/analogOut"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:max="99"
android:progress="0"/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
uses-permission of "android.permission.BLUETOOTH" is needed in AndroidManifest.xml.
Arduino side:
Connection between Arduino and HC-06, refer to "Connect Arduino Due with HC-06 (Bluetooth Module)".
DueHC06_AT.ino
/*
Arduino Due + HC-06 (Bluetooth) -
receive command to control LED (pin 13) brightness
Serial (Tx/Rx) communicate to PC via USB
Serial3 (Tx3/Rx3) connect to HC-06
HC-06 Rx - Due Tx3
HC-06 Tx - Due Rx3
HC-06 GND - Due GND
HC-06 VCC - Due 3.3V
*/
#define HC06 Serial3
int SYNC_BYTE = 0xAA;
int CMD_ANALOG = 1;
int rxState;
int rxLength;
int rxCmd;
const int rxState_0_idle = 0;
const int rxState_1_sync = 1; //SYNC_BYTE received
const int rxState_2_cmd = 2; //length received, waiting CMD
const int rxState_3_data = 3; //CMD received, receiving data
int LED = 13;
void setup()
{
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
delay(1000);
Serial.begin(9600);
HC06.begin(9600);
Serial.write("\nTest Start\n");
rxState = rxState_0_idle;
}
void loop()
{
while(HC06.available())
{
char rxData = (int)HC06.read();
switch(rxState){
case rxState_0_idle:
if(rxData == SYNC_BYTE){
rxState = rxState_1_sync;
Serial.println("SYNC_BYTE received");
}
break;
case rxState_1_sync:
rxLength = rxData;
Serial.println("Length: " + String(rxLength));
rxLength--;
rxState = rxState_2_cmd;
break;
case rxState_2_cmd:
rxCmd = rxData;
Serial.println("CMD: " + String(rxCmd));
rxLength--;
rxState = rxState_3_data;
break;
case rxState_3_data:
Serial.println("data: " + String(rxData));
//we have one command only
if(rxCmd==CMD_ANALOG){
int brightness = map(rxData, 0, 99, 0, 255);
analogWrite(LED, brightness);
Serial.println("brightness: " + String(brightness));
HC06.println("brightness: " + String(brightness));
}
rxLength--;
if(rxLength==0){
rxState = rxState_0_idle;
}
break;
default:
rxState = rxState_0_idle;
};
}
}
You can also monitor the state on PC using Serial Monitor.
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